EFFECT OF TWO COMMERCIAL BIOCIDES WITH DITHIOCARBAMATE AND GLUTARALDEHYDE AS ACTIVE INGREDIENTS ON GROWTH INHIBITION OF BACTERIA, YEAST AND FUNGI ISOLATED FROM CANE JUICE

by  THERESIA H.S. WAHYUNINGTYAS, ARIKRISTINI DAN TRIANTARTI

Pusat penelitian Perkebunan Gula Indonesia, Pasuruan/Indonesian Sugar Research Institute

ABSTRAK

Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan kehilangan sukrosa dalam proses pembuatan gula adalah
akibat aktifitas mikroorganisme di dalam nira tebu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh
sinergis dua macam biosida komersial berbasis ditiokarbamat dan glutaraldehid terhadap
penghambatan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme dari nira tebu giling yang diisolasi dari 3 (tiga) Pabrik
Gula (PG) dan satu isolat bakteri murni pembentuk dekstran yaitu Leuconostoc mesenteroidesB-512. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menguji beberapa variasi perbandingan ditiokarbamat dan
glutaraldehid, serta pengaruh konsentrasi dari setiap kombinasi yang dibuat. Efek biosida terhadap
penghambatan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme diuji berdasarkan pengukuran diameter zona
penghambatan yang terbentuk pada media agar setelah diinokulasi dengan mikroorganisme. Hasil
penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri dan yeastdari ketiga PG serta L mesenteroidesB-512 dapat
dihambat pertumbuhannya dengan biosida berbasis ditiokarbamat dan glutaraldehide serta campuran
keduanya. Terdapat korelasi positif antara konsentrasi biosida dengan diameter zonapenghambatan.
Pengaruh sinergis kedua biosida terhadap penghambatan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme hanya terjadi
untuk bakteri nira tebu giling dari tiga PG dan L. mesenteroides B-512. Pada yeastdan kapang
pengaruh tersebut tidak terlihat. Pengaruh sinergis tersebut terdapat pada larutan biosida dengan
komposisi 80% ditiokarbamat dan 20% glutaraldehide dengan konsentrasi 1 – 100 %. Biosida yang
paling efektif menghambat pertumbuhan yeastadalah ditiokarbamat saja pada konsentrasi 1 – 10%,
tanpa dikombinasikan dengan glutaraldehide. Pada inkubasi 48 jam kapang bisa dihambat
pertumbuhannya oleh semua komposisi biosida pada konsentrasi minimal 6 %. Biosida dengan
proporsi ditiokarbamat semakin besar akan semakin menghambat pertumbuhan kapang.

Kata kunci : biosida, ditiokarbamat, glutaraldehid, bakteri, yeast, kapang, nira tebu, Leuconostoc
mesenteroidesB-512

ABSTRACT

One of several factors which cause sucrose loss in sugar processing is microorganism’s activities
in cane juice. This research was conducted to determine the synergy of two commercial biocides with
dithiocarbamate and glutaraldehyde as active ingredients in affecting the growth of the
microorganisms isolated from cane juice in three sugar factories and pure culture of Leuconostoc
mesenteroides B-512. Various combinations of dithiocarbamate and glutaraldehyde and the effect of
various biocide concentration of each combination were tested in this experiment. The test method
for biocide effectivity was based on inhibition zone diameter that appears in the isolates cultured in
artificial media. The results showed that bacteria and yeast from the three sugar factories and L.
mesenteroides B-512 were inhibited not only by dithiocarbamate and glutaraldehyde in single
application but also by mix of those two biocides. There was a positive correlation between
concentration and inhibition zone diameters. The synergy effect of dithiocarbamate and glutaraldehyde
was found only on bacteria which isolated from sugar factories and L mesenteroides B-512, but not
on yeast and fungi. The synergy effect on growth inhibition of those bacteria was shown by a
combination of 80% dithiocarbamate and 20% glutaraldehyde at concentrations 1 – 100 %. The
biocides that could inhibit the yeasts growth was biocide that consist of only dithiocarbamate without
glutaraldehyde at concentration level 1-10%. Interestingly, at 48 hours of incubation period, the
growth of fungi could be inhibited by all treatments at concentration level at least 6 %. High
concentration of dithiocarbamate biocide resulted in high inhibition of the fungus growth.

Key words:biocides, dithiocarbamate , glutaraldehyde, bacteria, yeasts, fungi, cane juice, L.
mesenteroides B-512

INDONESIAN SUGAR RESEARCH JOURNAL Vol. 44, No. 3, September 2008
Terakreditasi B, SK LIPI No. 536/D/2007 tgl. 26 Juni 2007
Pusat Penelitian Perkebunan Gula Indonesia
Jl. Pahlawan 25, Pasuruan 67126
Telp. 0343-421086, Fax: 0343-421178
E-mail : mpg.p3gi@gmail.com; Website: http://www.p3gi.net