Monday, December 31, 2012

A NEW FORMULATED SILICON FERTILISER FOR BETTER SUGARCANE PRODUCTION

ARIS TOHARISMAN, MUHAMAD MULYADI and ABDUL RASJID
Indonesian Sugar Research Institute
atoharis@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT
 
 SILICON (Si) is an important beneficial element for sugarcane and is absorbed by sugarcane,
more than any other mineral nutrient.
Si is known to promote sugarcane yield, enhance resistance to biotic and abiotic
stresses, improve leaf and stalk erectness, and increase P availability.
A new Si fertiliser namely SiPlusHS was formulated from sugar mill boiler ash,
furnace slag, rock phosphate, zeolite, oxalic acid and humic substance.
It formed granules of 3–5 mm in diameter and contained 8–10% soluble Si, 10–12%
soluble phosphate and 3–5% humic substance.
The effectiveness of this fertiliser was tested under field conditions on irrigated and
non-irrigated sugarcane areas, covering areas of 1 and 2 ha, respectively.
The fertiliser was applied at the rate of 0, 250 and 500 kg/ha. Results showed that
application of 250 kg/ha SiPlusHS could increase cane yield from 2 to 52% and sugar yield
by as much as 15–58%.
There were no significant differences between applications of 250 kg/ha and
500 kg/ha SiPlusHS. In some areas, SiPlusHS could significantly decrease stem borer attacks.
Recently, this new silicon fertiliser has been tested on about 1000 ha in various
regions in Indonesia.

KEYWORDS: Silicon Fertiliser, Boiler Ash, Furnace Slag,
Humic Substance, Sugarcane Productivity.

Proc. Int. Soc. Sugar Cane Technol., Vol. 27, 2010




Sunday, December 30, 2012

DESIGNING, PRODUCING AND PROCESSING ‘ULTIMATE’ VARIETIES OF SUGARCANE

C. RICHARD, M. McKEE, R. TRICHE and M. GODSHALL 
Sugar Processing Research Institute, New Orleans, LA, USA
charley.richard@ars.usda.gov or charley@sugarjournal.com

Abstract

MANY sugar industries, beet and cane, would predict that in the future they will produce a 
wide range of products, which could include sugar. 
To realise this prediction, new varieties must be designed, production practices 
improved and alternative processing techniques developed. 
Sugarcane breeding and selection has moved far beyond the ‘old days’ of crossing 
the best parents and hoping to select the best segregate as a potential new variety. 
Modern breeding procedures and biotechnology offer greater efficiency. Typically, 
varieties are selected on the basis of high yield of sugar and characteristics important to 
agronomic production and pest resistance in each growing region. 
The typically measured juice quality characteristics of brix and pol along with 
tonnage, ratooning ability and fibre content can  predict yield of sugar per unit area. It is 
anticipated that the ‘ultimate’ variety of the future will involve much more detailed analysis 
than the typically measured characteristics. 
Once produced, high yielding varieties for various products need to be grown in a 
sustainable manner that provides maximum  production with minimal environmental and 
economic impact. 
Processing of these varieties will need to accommodate the specific product(s) being 
produced whether sugar, energy, some other product or some combination of these. 
To demonstrate the importance of quality characteristics of future varieties, the Sugar 
Processing Research Institute has investigated the presence of components that could either 
enhance or inhibit production of various products from sugarcane. 
Significant variability among and within species of sugarcane and related genera 
have been found for starch, polysaccharides, ash, cations, invert sugars and other parameters. 
This paper includes these data and the potential importance of these parameters in 
future varieties, its importance in a sustainable production system and its importance in 
processing needs. 

KEYWORDS: Sugarcane Varieties, Sugarcane Breeding,
Sugarcane Composition, Chromatographic Analysis, Alternative Products.

http://www.atamexico.com.mx/PDF/Abstract.pdf




Friday, December 28, 2012

RESPONSE OF NEW SUGAR CANE GENOTYPES IN SOUTHERN REGION OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA



Khan Bahadar, Muhammad Rashid and Abdul Quddoos
Agricultural Research Station Serai Naurang (Bannu).
ABSTRACT

The response of total seventy six new genotypes of sugar cane was studied in fifteen different trials at
Agricultural Research Station Serai Naurang (Bannu) during 2006-07 and 2007-08. Variety NSG-555,
S98CSSG-557 and Bannu-3 exhibited the highest significant and at par average cane yield of 121.10,
119.90 and 118.18 t per ha respectively. Variety S98CSSG-676 responded with maximum sugar recovery of 12.53 % closely followed by MS91CP-623, Bannu-3-having showing 12.34 and 12.17 % of sugar recovery. Variety Bannu-3 showed the highest sugar yield (14.10 t per ha) followed by S98 CSSG-709 producing average 13.34 and 12.64 t ha per ha of sugar yield.

Key words: Sugar cane varieties, yield, sugar potential.

Sunday, December 16, 2012

RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF VINASSES FROM A MEXICAN BIOETHANOL FACTORY


D. CANTÚ-LOZANO1, M.V. VELÁZQUEZ MACARIO1, N.A. VALLEJO CANTÚ1,
M.A. MAURO2, V.L. DEL BIANCHI2 and J. TELIS-ROMERO2
1División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación-DEPI,
Instituto Tecnológico de Orizaba, Orizaba, México
2Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas-IBILCE,
Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, São José de Rio Preto, Brazil
dcantu@itorizaba.edu.mx

KEYWORDS: Rheology, Vinasses, Bioethanol,
Viscoelastic, Energy of Activation.

Abstract

THE KNOWLEDGE of the rheological behaviour of vinasses is very important for the operation
and design of a sugarcane bioprocess.
This study characterised rheological behaviour of residues from a bioethanol process
that uses final molasses as the carbohydrate source.
For this, we used a rotational rheometer Anton Paar MCR 301, concentric cylinder
system, Peltier plate for temperature control and software Rheoplus for date capture. The
temperature effect was compensated with an Arrhenius model, which measures the activation
energy of vinasses in the range 298–310 K.
The results showed an activation energy of 2.496 × 103 Cal/g-mol, a non-Newtonian
behaviour with viscoelastic characteristic, i.e. at low shear rate range (0–387 L/s) as fluid or
viscous (pseudo plastic) flow.
After this, there is an inflection point at high shear rate as solid or elastic flow
(dilatant), because the vinasses presented a material restructure.
This behaviour is due to the complex chemical composition of vinasse from final
molasses, which is a by-product of the sugarcane process.
To confirm this behaviour, it was compared with the rheological behaviour of vinasse
from sugarcane juice as the carbon source that showed a dilatant behaviour, i.e. as a fluid
flow.
These results showed that, depending on the substrate chemical composition
(complex/simple), similar rheological behaviour (complex/simple) is obtained.

Co-Products Posters Proc. Int. Soc. Sugar Cane Technol., Vol. 27, 2010
http://www.atamexico.com.mx/PDF/Abstract.pdf

Tuesday, December 11, 2012

COMPARATIVE SUGARCANE CLONAL STUDIES AT ADVANCE NURSERY SELECTION STAGE


 *M. Zafar, Shafiq Ahmad, M. Azhar, M. S. Bashir, M. Walyat Ali Khan, Fayyaz Ahmad and A.  Ghaffar
* Sugarcane Research Institute, Faisalabad

                                                                ABSTRACT

Comparative performance of 251 clones against standard variety CP77-400 was conducted in a non-replicated trial, having net plot size measuring 2.4 x 5 m. Keeping in view the desirable characters, 133
clones were selected and promoted to preliminary varietal trial while 47% clones were rejected due to undesirable characters. In general 2.39%, 5.58%, 11.15%, 4.78%, 2.78%, 5.58%, 5.18%, 2.79% and 6.77% clones were rejected because of poor growth, pithiness, low brix, aerial roots, cracks, sprouts, disease susceptibility, insect pest infestation and lodging, respectively.

Key words: clone, standard variety, trial, nursery, desirable character, pithiness, brix.

http://www.shakarganj.com.pk/research/psj/2012/psj_apr-jun_2012.pdf

Monday, December 10, 2012

A Look at the Relationship between Sugar Color and Grain Size

Marianne McKee, Ronnie Triche, Mary An Godshall, and Charley Richard, Sugar Processing Research Institute, Inc., New Orleans, LA, USA

                            ABSTRACT

Color is an important parameter indicating sugar quality.  SPRI has a long history in the examination of color of various types of sugar products.  It has shown that color of raw sugar changes over time during storage both in laboratory conditions as well as storage in the warehouse.  The objective of this study is to illustrate the importance of grain size in production of high quality raw sugar with good “storability.” Several raw sugars were collected from raw sugar factories and stored under laboratory conditions.  In this study of color during raw sugar storage, it was found that raw sugars with visually smaller crystals had a tendency to increase in color over time at a faster rate than sugars with larger crystals.  Additionally, it was observed that raw sugars with higher initial colors increased in color more than lower color raw sugars with identical storage conditions.  The sugars were also separated using a series to determine the grain size distribution of the raw sugars.  Various quality parameters were measured for the whole raw sugar as well as the various grain size portions of the sample.  Color increases in the raw sugar samples as grain size decreases.  Color over time, turbidity, ash, and starch in relation to grain size will also be discussed.  

Abstract for an oral presentation at the ASSCT – 42nd Annual Joint Meeting, St. Pete Beach, FL on June 20-22, 2012 at the St. Pete Beach, FL, USA