Evaluation of yeast strains for biomass production from cane molasses


Ma. Lourdes T. Escarrilla, Ma. Florencia T. Logrono and Teresita O. Macuro


Abstract

Sugarcane product diversification and by-products utilization are now serious alternatives or options for the rationalization and improvement of the sugarcane industry. Within the program of product diversification is the integration of cattle and swine production with the sugarcane farm and/or sugar factory. Cattle feed ingredients are largely imported. The production of feed yeast from cane molasses to augment domestic feed ingredients could be a viable industry.
The Sugar and Sugar By-Products Research Division of SRA conducted a project on the production of yeast from cane molasses for animal feed. Five yeast strains were found to have significant differences in their capacities to produce biomass from cane molasses.
Ethanol production was higher in the high sugar medium than in the low at 30oC. Lambanog yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Candida hypolytica produced more ethanol at 38oC from the low sugar medium (7.16%, 7.56%, and 6.58%, respectively). All yeast strains except Rhodotorula rubra were observed to be thermotolerant strains. Lambanog yeast was exceptionally thermotolerant as it yielded 3.18% (w/v) ethanol at 42oC. The specific ethanol productivities of Lambanog and S. cerevisiae were highest at 38oC from molasses at 5% total sugar content.
Lambanog produced highest biomass consistently from 16 to 32 hours fermentation at 38oC although not significantly different from the other strains. After 36 hours, C. lypolytica and C. tropicales produced more biomass than Lambanog and S. cerevisiae. Lambanog yeast was observed to be most alcohol tolerant, followed by C. lipolytica.
C. lipolytica and C. tropicales, considered as feed yeast strains, offer possibilities as ethanol-producing strains, as well as biomass producers; C. lipolytica was observed to better maintain cell growth at high sugar medium than Lambanog yeast. In low sugar medium at high temperature (38oC), C. lipolytica can still maintain cell growth and produce alcohol as much as S. cerevisiae and Lambanog yeast. Lambanog on the other hand offers possibilities as yeast source in the primary process, as well as by-product process in yeast production.

http://www.sra.gov.ph/abstract/

SUGAR REGULATORY ADMINISTRATION
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Tel. Nos# (632)928-7990; (632)928-0666

Treatment of Wine Distillery Wastewater:
A Review with Emphasis on Anaerobic Membrane Reactors

X. L. Melamane, P.J. Strong and J.E. Burgess
Departement of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, ‘rhodes University, P.O Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa

ABSTRACT

This review summaries research efforts and case studies in the treatment of wine distillery wastewaters. Experiences in treating wine distillery wastewaters can contribute to the field of oenology, as many oenologists are concerned with the selection, efficiency and economy of their wastewaters. Characteristics of wastewaters from different distilleries and various methods for treating these wastes are discussed. Wine distillery wastewaters are strongly acidic, have a high chemical oxygen demand, high polyphenol content and are highly variable. Primary attention is focused on the sustainable biological treatment of wine distillery wastewaters, mainly by energy-efficient anaerobic digestion in different reactor configurations from bench to pilot and full-scale treatment. Finally, areas where further research and attention are required are identified.

Keywords: Anaerobics; chemical oxygen demand; effluent; membrane; polyphenol; stillage; vinnase

S. Afr. J. Enol. Vitic., Vol.28, No. 1, 2007

Biodegradation and Biological Treatments of Cellulose, Hemicellulose and Lignin: an overview


J. Perez J. Munoz-Dorado1
T. de la Rubia J. Martinez2


1Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada,
Campus Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain.
E-mail : jptorres@ugr.es
Tel : +34-958243183
2Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada,
Campus Cartuju, 18071 Granada, Spain.

Int Microbiol (2002) 5 : 53 – 56

Abstract.


In nature, cellulose, lignocellulose and lignin are major sources of plant biomass; therefore, their recycling is indispensable for the carbon cycle. Each polymer is degraded by a variety of microorganisms which produce a battery of enzymes that work synergically. In the near future, processes that use lignocellulolytic enzymes or are based on microorganisms could lead to new, environmentally friendly technologies. This study reviews recent advances in the various biological treatments that can turn these three lignicellulose biopolymers into alternative fuels. In addition, biotechnological innovations based on natural delignification and applied to pulp and paper manufacture are also outlined.

Keywords: Cellulose Hemicellulose Lignin Biodegradation

GERIPA A NEW CONCEPT FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY AND FOOD PRODUCTION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONCERNS


OMETTO, A.R.1; RAMOS, P.2; LOMBARDI, G.3
Embrapa Satellite Monitoring, Brazil1
Instituto Politecnico de Hanava, Cuba2
USP Escola de Engenharia de Sao Carlos, NETF, Brazil3

Abstract

This article introduces a proposal concerning a new social and ecological agro-industry structure. This framework was planned to produce energy and food in a sustainable way, it is called GERIPA Project. It was developed with the purpose of integrating production of alcohol, food and electricity, with a working period of twelve months; eight with sugar cane and four with sorghum. The transport of materials runs on engines with vaporized alcohol. It considers thermodynamics optimization, with social and environmental quality, based on the Kyoto Protocol and the premises of Sustained Development. It occupies 4310 ha, integrating the whole productive process like a live organism. With 40.000 liters of alcohol produced daily, as well as 5.2 MW of electricity, 4760 tons per year of food. Once under economically stable operation, it can generate up to 5600 permanent jobs. With these characteristics, the project could provide the basic needs of a city of 17300 inhabitants, becoming a strategic setting for autonomous regional development.

In Ortega, E. & Ulgiati, S. (editors): Proceedings of IV Biennial International Workshop “Advances in Energy Studies”. Unicamp, Campinas, SP, Brazil. June 16-19, 2004. Pages 323-328

USE OF VINASSE, AN ETHANOL DISTILLERY WASTE, AS AN AMENDMENT TO BIOREMEDIATION OF DIESEL OIL CONTAMINATED SOILS


Adriano Pinto Mariano1,3, Sergio Henrique Rezende Crivelaro2,3, Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis2 and Daniel Marcos Bonotto1
1-Instituto de Geociencias e Ciencias Exatas (IGCE)
2-Departmento de Bioquimica e Microbiologia – Instituto de Biociencias (IB)
3-Programma de Recursos Humanos (PRH – 05) – Agencia Nacional do Petroleo, Gas

Natural e Biocombustiveis (ANP) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Av. 24-A, 1515 – CP 178 – CEP 13506-900 – Rio Claro – SP – Brasil
E-mail: adrianomariano@yahoo.com.br

Abstract.

This work investigated the possibility of using vinasse as an amendment in bioremediation processes by supplying nutrients and as an extra labile carbon source that could increase the microorganisms population. Soil samples were collected at three petrol stations. At two of them, diesel oil spills occurred from underground storage tanks and at the third, samples were collected during the replacement of underground pipes and it was simulated a diesel oil contamination by adding diesel oil purchased from a local petrol station or weathered diesel oil collected from the groundwater of a petrol station. Batch biodegradation experiments were carried out in Bartha biometer flasks that were used to measure microbial CO2 production. Biodegradation efficiency was also measured by quantifying the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) by gas chromatography. Although certain fertilization of the soil and an increase of the microbial population were obtained with the vinasse, in the studied conditions, it demonstrated to not be adequate to enhance the bioremediation efficiency of diesel oil contaminated soils.

Keywords: Bioremediation, Soil, Diesel Oil and Vinasse